Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate periosteum-derived mesenchymal stem cells (P-MSCs) cultured under simulated microgravity (SMG) conditions. P-MSCs were induced toward osteogenic differentiation and then exposed to SMG for up to 48 h. As a control, P-MSCs were maintained under identical conditions but without SMG exposure. Cell viability, osteogenesis-related analytes, and gene expression were analyzed at 3, 24 and 48 h. Cell viability under SMG was lower after 3 h but was significantly higher after 24 h, with no difference at 48 h. There was a higher expression of pathways associated with inflammation at 3 h, which was attenuated by 24 h and neutralized at 48 h. P-MSCs under SMG demonstrated three characteristics in at least one timepoint, which supports a pro-osteogenic signaling response: (1) higher osteoprotegerin levels; (2) lower DKK1 and TNF levels; (3) upregulation of genes related to osteogenesis. Our data suggest that P-MSCs exhibit enhanced pro-osteogenic regulatory modulation in SMG.

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