Abstract

Madura cattle are a nationally important indigenous Indonesian beef cattle breed and a locally adapted genetic resource that supports smallholder livelihoods and beef production under tropical dryland, low-input farming conditions. As an indigenous Indonesian beef cattle breed raised predominantly by smallholder farmers in dryland and low-input systems, Madura cattle require integrated management practices that combine resource management, technical management, environmental management, and operational efficiency to improve farm performance. A quantitative survey was conducted with 400 farmers from Madura Island. Data were collected through structured interviews using a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using SEM-PLS by evaluating the measurement and structural models. The results show that all constructs met validity and reliability criteria. The model demonstrated adequate explanatory power, with adjusted R2 values of 0.369 for Operational Efficiency and 0.522 for Farm Performance. Resource Management, Technical Management, and Environmental Management had positive and significant effects on Operational Efficiency. Operational Efficiency also had a positive and significant effect on Farm Performance and partially mediated the relationships between the three management variables and Farm Performance. These findings indicate that improving Madura cattle farming performance requires stronger resource, technical, and environmental management supported by operational efficiency as a strategic mechanism to enhance production, reproduction, and economic performance sustainably.

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