Abstract

Background/Objectives: The lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) is an inflammation-based prognostic score (IBPS) that can be easily calculated using routine blood tests. Handgrip strength (HGS), a key diagnostic component of sarcopenia, also predicts survival. Nonetheless, the prognostic role of combined LMR and HGS in patients with pancreatic head cancer undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy remains unclear. This exploratory study aimed to analyze whether the combination of preoperative LMR and HGS is associated with overall survival. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 105 patients with pancreatic head cancer who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at Chiba University Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020. We examined the prognostic values of IBPSs and HGS and compared combinations of preoperatively measurable factors. Results: Multivariate analysis assessing preoperatively measurable factors demonstrated that low preoperative HGS, low preoperative LMR, and high preoperative carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level were associated with poor overall survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29–4.51, p = 0.006; HR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.12–3.76, p = 0.020; and HR: 2.68, 95% CI: 1.25–5.76, p = 0.011, respectively). The combination of low HGS and low LMR was associated with poor overall survival, although only 12 patients were included in this subgroup. Multivariate analysis evaluating clinicopathological factors demonstrated that this combination was associated with poor overall survival (HR: 2.85, 95% CI: 1.06–7.69, p = 0.038). Conclusions: In this single-center exploratory study, the combination of preoperative LMR and HGS was associated with poor overall survival in patients with surgically resected pancreatic head cancer. Further prospective multicenter validation is required before this combined marker can be used for clinical decision-making.

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