Abstract

The article proposes an exploratory approach that combines literature-based analysis of digital transformation and competitiveness in battery manufacturing ecosystems with survey evidence collected from Romanian companies operating in technology-related sectors. The empirical approach described provides indirect ecosystem-level evidence from Romanian firms potentially relevant to future battery value chains, as full-fledged manufacturers only now entering the strategic horizon. The study is founded on the need for companies to achieve a consistent and committed transformation that goes beyond adopting and integrating various digital technologies, reaching aspects related to production facilities, human–machine integration, and smart governance approaches. The objective of the research is to study the mutual impacts between facilities and processes on one hand, and technology on the other hand, in achieving competitiveness and sustainability for battery manufacturing ecosystems. In this regard, the paper investigates organizational capabilities, workforce adaptability, and digital technology deployment as enabling factors for a successful digital transformation. The results point to an improvement potential that may contribute to the resilience of the emerging battery industry under challenging conditions, while preparing for sector expansion brought about by developing electromobility and renewable energy options. The framework developed customizes general digital transformation capabilities into battery-manufacturing-specific requirements such as traceability, circularity, regulatory readiness, user safety, and ecosystem interconnectivity.

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