Abstract

This study evaluates the potential of UV–Vis absorption and fluorescence detection (FLD), combined with chemometrics for the characterization of red wines and the preliminary screening of their Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) and grape variety. More than 100 samples were analyzed under both acidic and basic conditions using flow injection analysis (FIA), as it offers advantages in terms of automation, speed, and online coupling multichannel UV–Vis and FLD detectors, enabling the acquisition of complementary datasets. Spectral data generated were analyzed using exploratory and supervised chemometric methods. Results showed comparable performance across different data types. Although the discriminant information was limited, data exploration by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed meaningful differences related to PDO and grape variety. Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogies (SIMCA) provided remarkable classification results, with good overall performance, supporting the potential of this approach as a fast-screening tool for wine authentication and quality control, particularly in high-throughput analytical settings.

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