Abstract

This study investigated the microbiological quality of “aguas frescas” (fresh fruit drinks) by using fecal coliform and E. coli as microbiological indicators of food safety culture in three types of markets: those with reputable established quality systems (RMQSs), those of reputable brands governed solely by NOM-251 (RMNs), and popular markets (PMs). Additionally, other hygiene aspects outlined in the Mexican regulation NOM-251 were evaluated. Results showed that 100% of samples from RMQS met the permissible limits for both parameters. In contrast, 53% of RMN samples and 75% of PM samples were non-compliant for fecal coliforms. Similarly, non-compliance with E. coli was observed in 40% of RMN and 51% of PM samples. These findings highlight a clear disparity in “aguas frescas” quality across different market types. Moreover, a lack of food hygiene practices was detected in those RMN and PM establishments. Lower compliance rates were observed for the use of face masks (60%), hairnets (43%), and gloves (30%). Certain aspects of the study demonstrated deficiencies in food handling, encompassing both preparation and preservation methods. The data highlight a need for improved training and enforcement of hygiene practices.

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