Abstract

The integration of renewable energy with energy storage units is a key technical approach in enhancing the safety, sustainability, and economic feasibility of industrial energy supply systems. However, the transformation of distributed energy systems (DESs) in chemical energy systems will encounter challenges in capacity configuration and scheduling. Additionally, the high initial investment and long return period lead to conflicts of interest among enterprises, governments, and the public during the energy structure transformation process, hindering the initiative of enterprises to carry out the transformation. To address these, this study proposes an integrated energy system transformation plan based on full life cycle assessment (LCA), considering both economic and environmental goals. A two-layer optimization framework (NSGA-II for capacity configuration and CPLEX for daily scheduling) is established, along with an evolutionary game model for policy analysis. The system combines solar, wind, gas, and storage to meet continuous industrial demand. The optimal scheme achieves a 2.64-year investment payback period, a 435.8% return rate, and a carbon intensity of 0.234 ton CO2/MWh, 9% lower than a pure fossil scheme. The evolutionary game model balancing enterprise-government-public interests identifies optimal carbon tax and subsidy policies to promote a widely beneficial transformation.

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