Abstract

To address the limitations of conventional magnetorheological (MR) fluid hydrostatic bearings, a variable-stiffness bearing is proposed. These limitations include insufficient load capacity, low torque margin, and poor adaptability under complex operating conditions. Taking MR fluid as the lubricating medium, the device adopts permanent magnets to provide a basic stable magnetic field. A dual-excitation configuration, consisting of stiffness-adjustment coils integrated into the bearing and shaft-mounted coils attached to the rotor, enables dynamic magnetic field regulation. This mechanism modulates the rheological behavior of the MR fluid, realizing flexible stiffness tuning and dynamic torque enhancement of the bearing. The overall structure and working principle of the device are elaborated in detail. The mathematical models of bearing stiffness-current and output torque-current are derived, and the regulation law of current on the dynamic characteristics of the bearing is clarified. ANSYS Maxwell simulation results verify the feasibility of the dual excitation decoupling control scheme. The research results can provide theoretical support and technical reference for the intelligent regulation and engineering application of MR fluid hydrostatic bearings.

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